Glycolysis

糖酵解

英文解释

Glycolysis is an ancient pathway and is highly conserved among living organisms. Glycolysis was the first metabolic pathway elucidated and is also referred to as the Embden Meyerhof Parnas pathway. This refers to the splitting of one glucose molecule into two molecules of pyruvate, the end product of glycolysis. In the presence of oxygen, pyruvate usually enters the mitochondria where it is oxidized to Acetyl CoA (acetyl coenzyme A), whereas in the absence of oxygen, pyruvate is reduced into lactate. Glycolysis involves 10 reactions that take place in the cytosol and generates two ATP molecules without the requirement of molecular oxygen.

中文解释

糖酵解是一种古老的途径，在生物体中高度保守。 糖酵解是第一个被阐明的代谢途径，也被称为 Embden Meyerhof Parnas 途径。 这是指一个葡萄糖分子分裂成两个丙酮酸分子，即糖酵解的最终产物。在有氧的情况下，丙酮酸通常进入线粒体，在那里它被氧化成乙酰辅酶 A Acetyl CoA (acetyl coenzyme A)，而在没有氧气的情况下，丙酮酸被还原成乳酸。糖酵解涉及在胞质溶胶中发生的 10 个反应，并在不需要分子氧的情况下产生两个 ATP 分子。

参考文献

[1]. Navdeep S. Chandel, et al. Glycolysis. Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. August 1, 2021;13:a040527.