A 26-residue amyloid-β protein fragment
Amyloid-β (Aβ) (17-42) is a 26-residue fragment of the Aβ protein that is formed via post-translational processing of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by α- and γ-secretases. It has been found in postmortem cerebral cortex from patients with Alzheimer's disease that have diffuse amyloid plaques and in cerebellar preamyloid lesions in patients with Down's syndrome. In vitro, Aβ (17-42) forms amorphous aggregates that bind less thioflavin T than Aβ (1-40) and Aβ (1-42) . It is cytotoxic to SH-SY5Y and IMR-32 cells in a concentration-dependent manner and induces cleavage of caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in SH-SY5Y cells when used at a concentration of 20 μM.
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