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A metabolite of clozapine and muscarinic DREADD agonist
Clozapine N-oxide is a major metabolite of clozapine and an activator of designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) derived from human muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (EC50s = 16.7, 323, 17.4, 18.3, and 18.7 nM for PASMCs expressing hM1-5D receptors, respectively). It prevents action potential firing in cultured hippocampal neurons transiently expressing hM4D receptors. Clozapine N-oxide increases glutamate in the nucleus accumbens core and inhibits cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior in rats transfected with hM3Dq DREADD receptors.
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