A neuropeptide with diverse biological activities
β-Calcitonin gene-related peptide (β-CGRP) is a neuropeptide with roles in vasodilation, cardiovascular regulation, and inflammation. It belongs to the calcitonin family of peptides, which also includes α-CGRP , amylin , calcitonin , and adrenomedullin. β-CGRP binds selectively to a heteromeric complex of calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CRLR) and receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1; IC50 = 0.01 nM) over a complex of CLCR and RAMP2 (IC50 = 300 nM). It binds to rat brain and spleen membrane preparations (IC50s = 1.1 and 1 nM, respectively) and relaxes human cerebral and middle meningeal arterial segments precontracted with prostaglandin F2α . In vivo, β-CGRP induces a 50% increase in diameter of arterioles precontracted with human endothelin-1 in hamster cheek pouch at a concentration of 15.8 pM.
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