WR 1065|14653-77-1|安捷凯

Background

WR-1065, a dephosphorylated metabolite of amifostine?(Ethyol), can protect against the immediate and delayed effects of radiation exposure.

WR-1065 can protect against zidovudine (AZT) – induced genetoxicity. The lymphoblastoid cell line MOLT-3 cells were exposed to 0/10μM AZT for 96h. In the first 24h 0/5?μM WR-1065 was added and Cyt B was added in 76h in the cells, the viability of AZT treated MOLT-3 cells did not altered.[1] Moreover, in RKO36 cell lines (derivative RKO human colorectal carcinoma carrying a GFP-pCMV-EGFP2Xho), 4 mM final concentration (EC50) WR-1065 treatment for 30min immediately before irradiation showed protective effects against cell chromosomal damage and death induced by ionizing radiation and delayed genomic instability. But 40??M WR-1065 did not show immediate radio-protective effects in irradiated RKO36 cells.[2] WR-1065 acts as radioprotective agents mainly through suppression of the homologous recombination pathway. In SPD8 Chinese hamster cell line, both 4 mM WR-1065 for 30min and 10 ?M for 24h significantly reduced the homologous recombination induced by 0.2 mM Hydroxyurea for 24h or 100 nM camptothecin for 1h. While WR-1065 did not show its radioprotective effects in irradiated homologous recombination-deficient irs 1SF cells compared with homologous recombination-proficient cells AA8/CXR3(P＜0.05).[3]

With spray drying technique using PLGA (polylactide co-glycolide) as the polymer matrix, WR-1065 were prepared into nanoparticles. 500mg/kg WR-1065/PLGA nanoparticles in which containing 21.7(w/w WR-1065) were administrated orally in mice to determined its radio-protective role. WR-1065PLGA nanoparticles treatment mice showed noteworthy higher 30-day survival, less bone marrow suppression and less intestinal injury compared non-treated control mice, indicated its significant radio-protective effects.[4]

参考文献:
[1].? Ofelia A . Olivero, Michael O. Ong, Han nan M. Braun, Ariadna Marrogi, Kathyiani Divi, James B. Mitchel l, and Miriam C. Poirier. Selective protection of zidovadine-induced DNA-damage by antioxidants WR-1065 and tempol. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis (2014)55: 566-572
[2].? Jaroslaw Dziegielewski, Janet E. Baulch, Wilfried Goetz, Mitchell C. Coleman, Douglas R. Spitz, Jeffrey S. Murley, David J. Grdina, and William F. Morgan. WR-1065, the active metabolite of amifostine, mitigates radiation-induced delayed genomic instability. Free Radic Biol Med. (2008)45(12): 1674–1681
[3].? Jaroslaw Dziegielewski, Wilfried Goetz, Jeffrey S. Murley, David J. Grdina, William F. Morgan, and Janet E. Baulch. Amifostine Metabolite WR-1065 Disrupts Homologous Recombination in Mammalian Cells. Radiat Res. (2010) 173(2): 175–183
[4].? Sarala Pamujula,?Vimal Kishore,?Barbara Rider,?Krishna C. Agrawal, and?Tarun K. Mandal. Radioprotection in mice following oral administration of WR-1065/PLGA nanoparticles. (2008) 84(11): 900-908

Protocol

Kinase experiment:

For Western analysis, cells are treated with 1 mM WR-1065 dihydrochloride (WR-1065) for 24 h, and subconfluent cultures of cells are harvested and lysed in RIPA buffer supplemented with protease inhibitors. Protein concentrations are determined by a detergent-compatible assay. Western blots are blocked and incubated in antibody in PBS/0.2% Tween 20/5% nonfat dry milk. Blots are incubated with 1 μg/mL antibody for 1 h at room temperature, followed by washing in PBS/0.2% Tween 20 and incubation in peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibody and chemiluminescence detection[2].

Cell experiment:

To test the effects of paclitaxel in the presence or absence of WR-1065 dihydrochloride (WR-1065) on cell growth, cells are seeded in 96-well tissue culture dishes at 20% confluence and allowed to attach and recover for at least 24 h. Varying combinations of paclitaxel alone or in combination with a 60 min pretreatment with 1 mM WR-1065 dihydrochloride are then added to each well, and the plates are incubated for an additional 48 h or 72 h. The number of surviving cells is determined by staining. The percentage of cells killed by paclitaxel and/or WR-1065 dihydrochloride is calculated as the percentage decrease in sulforhodamine B binding compare with control cells[2].

Animal experiment:

Seventy two rats are divided randomly into 9 equal groups: 1) Control group receives no injection and is left untreated for the entire period of the experiment as intact animals; 2) Sham operated group is subjected only to surgical procedure; 3) Vehicle (saline)-treated group receives 2 μL saline (intra-SNc); 4) Lesioned group receives 6-hydroxydopamine; 5) Vehicle+6OHDA group receives saline as a vehicle 3 days once daily (2 μL/rat) before 6-OHDA injection; 6 to 8) Rats in these groups are pretreated with intra-SNc injection of WR-1065 dihydrochloride (WR-1065) (20, 40 and 80 μg/2 μL/rat) 3 days before 6-OHDA injection; 9) Non-lesioned animals receive intra-SNc injection of WR-1065 dihydrochloride (80 μg/2 μL/rat) for three days[3].

参考文献:

[1]. Pluquet O, et al. The cytoprotective aminothiol WR1065 activates p53 through a non-genotoxic signaling pathway involving c-Jun N-terminal kinase. J Biol Chem. 2003 Apr 4;278(14):11879-87.
[2]. Shen H, et al. Binding of the aminothiol WR-1065 to transcription factors influences cellular response to anticancer drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Jun;297(3):1067-73.
[3]. Afshin Kheradmand, et al. Effect of WR-1065 on 6-hydroxydopamine-induced catalepsy and IL-6 level in rats. Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2016 May; 19(5): 490-496.