Background:
Nemadectin is a macrocyclic lactone antibiotic with a broad-spectrum endectocidal and nematocidal activity [1].
In dogs, oral administration of 0.2–0.4 mg/kg nemadectin (a liquid formulation administered in gelatin capsules) was effective in eliminating natural infections of Toxascaris leonina, Toxocara canis, Uncinaria stenocephala and Ancylostoma caninum. Tablets (267 mg) containing 4.6% nemadectin given at a rate of 13 tablet 0.2 mg/kg were active against A. caninum, T. canis, and U. stenocephala. With both formulations, an increase in the dose rate to 0.6-0.8 mg/kg led to 99-100% elimination of Trichuris vulpis infections. No adverse reactions were observed in any of the treated dogs [1].Oral administration of nemadectin to lambs infected with either a susceptible laboratory strain of Haemonchus contortus or a strain resistant to ivermectin reduced the nematode egg counts and the numbers of H contortus by 99% and 100% [2]. Nemadectin has been used as starting material for the production of the veterinary anthelmintic, moxidectin, and these derivatives have been explored for their potential antiparasitic use [3].
参考文献:
[1] Doscher M E, Wood I B, Pankavich J A, et al. Efficacy of nemadectin, a new broad-spectrum endectocide, against natural infections of canine gastrointestinal helminths[J]. Veterinary parasitology, 1989, 34(3): 255-259.
[2] Pankavich J A, Berger H, Simkins K L. Efficacy of moxidectin, nemadectin and ivermectin against an ivermectin-resistant strain of Haemonchus contortus in sheep[J]. The Veterinary Record, 1992, 130(12): 241-2, 243.
[3] Yang L Y, Wang J D, Zhang J, et al. New nemadectin congeners with acaricidal and nematocidal activity from Streptomyces microflavus neau3 Y-3[J]. Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 2013, 23(20): 5710-5713.
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