AMG 706 (Motesanib)Description:IC50: Motesanib diphosphate (AMG-706) is a potent ATP-competitive inhibitor of VEGFR1/2/3 with IC50 of 2 nM/3 nM/6 nM, respectively [1].
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an important signaling protein involved in both vasculogenesis (the formation of the circulatory system) and angiogenesis (the growth of blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature). Motesanib (AMG 706) is an orally administered small molecule belonging to angiokinase inhibitor class which acts as an antagonist of VEGF receptors, platelet-derived growth factor receptors, and stem cell factor receptors.
In vitro: Motesanib diphosphate has broad activity against the human VEGFR family, and displays >1000 selectivity against EGFR, Src, and p38 kinase. Motesanib Diphosphate significantly inhibits VEGF-induced cellular proliferation of HUVECs with an IC50 of 10 nM, while displaying little effect at bFGF-induced proliferation with an IC50 of >3,000 nM. Motesanib Diphosphate also potently inhibits PDGF-induced proliferation and SCF-induced c-kit phosphorylation with IC50 of 207 nM and 37 nM, respectively, but not effective against the EGF-induced EGFR phosphorylation and cell viability of A431 cells [1]. Althouth displaying little antiproliferative activity on cell growth of HUVECs alone, Motesanib diphosphate treatment significantly sensitizes the cells to fractionated radiation [2].
In vivo: Oral administration of AMG 706 potently inhibited VEGF-induced angiogenesis in the rat corneal model and induced regression of established A431 xenografts. AMG 706 was well tolerated and had no significant effects o AMG 706n body weight or on the general health of the animals. Histologic analysis of tumor xenografts from AMG 706–treated animals revealed an increase in endothelial apoptosis and a reduction in blood vessel area that preceded an increase in tumor cell apoptosis. In summary, AMG 706 is an orally bioavailable, well-tolerated multikinase inhibitor that is presently under clinical investigation for the treatment of human malignancies [1].
Clinical trial: Motesanib was originally investigated for effectiveness against advanced nonsquamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with Phase II trials indicating an effectiveness comparable to bevacizumab when they were both used in combination with paclitaxel/carboplatin. However a later and more detailed Phase III trial failed to show any benefit for the treatment of NSCLC. A second Phase III trial was started in 2012, which focused on patients from Asian backgrounds (performed on the bases of subgroup analysis) however this also failed to meet its primary endpoint. The drug has undergone a Phase II evaluation as first-line therapy for breast cancer however this study found no evidence to support further investigation. Phase II testing against persistent or recurrent ovarian, fallopian tube and primary peritoneal carcinomas was also unsuccessful. There have also been 2 separate Phase II clinical trials for thyroid cancer which have both shown promising results (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motesanib).
Reference:
[1] Polverino A, Coxon A, Starnes C, et al. AMG 706, an oral, multikinase inhibitor that selectively targets vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and kit receptors, potently inhibits angiogenesis and induces regression in tumor xenografts. Cancer Res. 2006;66(17):8715-21.
[2] Kruser TJ1 Wheeler DL, Armstrong EA, Iida M, Kozak KR, van der Kogel AJ, Bussink J, Coxon A, Polverino A, Harari PM. Augmentation of radiation response by motesanib, a multikinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptors. Clin Cancer Res. 2010;16(14):3639-47.
| Kinase experiment [1]: | |
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In vitro kinase assays |
Optimal enzyme, ATP and substrate (gastrin peptide) concentrations were established for each enzyme using homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) assays. Motesanib was tested in a 10-point dose-response curve for each enzyme using an ATP concentration of two-thirds Km for each. Most assays consisted of enzyme mixed with kinase reaction buffer [20 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), 10 mM MgCl2, 5 mM MnCl2, 100 mM NaCl, 1.5 mM EGTA]. A final concentration of 1 mM DTT, 0.2 mM NaVO4 and 20 μg/mL BSA was added before each assay. For all assays, 5.75 mg/mL streptavidin-allophycocyanin and 0.1125 nM Eu-PT66 were added immediately before the HTRF reaction. Plates were incubated for 30 mins at room temperature and read on a Discovery instrument. IC50 values were calculated. |
| Cell experiment [1]: | |
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Cell lines |
HUVECs |
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Preparation method |
This compound is soluble in DMSO. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37 °C for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below - 20 °C for several months. |
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Reacting condition |
2 hrs |
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Applications |
In HUVECs, Motesanib significantly inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced cell proliferation, with an IC50 value of 10 nM. However, it showed little effect on basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-induced cell proliferation, with an IC50 value of > 3,000 nM. Similarly, Motesanib potently inhibited platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced cell proliferation as well as stem cell factor (SCF)-induced c-kit phosphorylation, with IC50 values of 207 nM and 37 nM, respectively. |
| Animal experiment [1]: | |
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Animal models |
A rat model of corneal angiogenesis, and nude mice bearing A431 cells |
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Dosage form |
100 mg/kg; p.o.; q.d. or b.i.d. |
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Applications |
At the dose of 100 mg/kg, Motesanib significantly inhibited VEGF-induced vascular permeability in a time-dependent manner. In a rat model of corneal angiogenesis, Motesanib (q.d. or b.i.d.) substantially inhibited VEGF-induced angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. In nude mice bearing A431 cells, Motesanib also dose-dependently induced tumor regression by selectively targeting neovascularization in tumor cells. |
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Other notes |
Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal. |
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参考文献: [1]. Polverino A, Coxon A, Starnes C, et al. AMG 706, an oral, multikinase inhibitor that selectively targets vascular endothelial growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and kit receptors, potently inhibits angiogenesis and induces regression in tumor xenografts. Cancer Res. 2006;66(17):8715-21. |
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