Oleic acid containing an ω-terminal alkyne
Oleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid and is one of the major components of membrane phospholipids. Oleic acid contributes about 17% of the total fatty acids esterified to phosphatidylcholine, the major phospholipid class in porcine platelets.[1] Oleic acid inhibits collagen-stimulated platelet aggregation by approximately 90% when used at a concentration of 10 µg/ml. [1] fMLF-induced neutrophil aggregation and degranulation is inhibited by 55% and 68%, respectively, using 5 µM oleic acid. This inhibition is comparable to that observed using arachidonic acid under the same conditions. [2] Oleic acid, whether applied extracellularly (EC50 = ~60 µM) to human platelets or released from membrane phospholipids, causes an increase in intracellular calcium levels. [3] Oleic acid alkyne is a form of oleic acid with an ω-terminal alkyne. The terminal alkyne group can be used in click chemistry linking reactions, to tag oleic acid with fluorescent or biotinylated labels for analysis of its metabolism and biological activity.[4] [5] [6][7]
Reference:
[1]. Wahle, K.W., and Peacock, L.I. Effects of isomeric cis and trans eighteen carbon monounsaturated fatty acids on porcine platelet function. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1301(1-2), 141-149 (1996).
[2]. Naccache, P.H., Moiski, T.F., Volpi, M., et al. Modulation of rabbit neutrophil aggregation and degranulation by free fatty acids. J. Leukoc. Biol. 36(3), 333-340 (1984).
[3]. Siafaka-Kapadai, A., Hanahan, D.J., and Javors, M.A. Oleic acid-induced Ca2+ mobilization in human platelets: Is oleic acid an intracellular messenger? J. Lipid Mediat. Cell Signal 15(3), 215-232 (1997).
[4]. Kolb, H.C., and Sharpless, K.B. The growing impact of click chemistry on drug discovery. Drug Discov. Today 8(24), 1128-1137 (2003).
[5]. Lutz, J.F., and Zarafshani, Z. Efficient construction of therapeutics, bioconjugates, biomaterials and bioactive surfaces using azide-alkyne "click" chemistry. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 60(9), 958-970 (2008).
[6]. Vila, A., Tallman, K.A., Jacobs, A.T., et al. Identification of protein targets of 4-hydroxynonenal using click chemistry for ex vivo biotinylation of azido and alkynyl derivatives. Chemical Research in Toxicology 21(2), 432-444 (2008).
[7]. Jiang, H., Khan, S., Wang, Y., et al. SIRT6 regulates TNF-α secretion through hydrolysis of long-chain fatty acyl lysine. Nature 496, 110-113 (2013).
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