氨苄青霉素是一种广谱β-内酰胺类抗生素，可对抗多种革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌。
Ampicillin is a broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
Ampicillin inhibits the growth of E. coli of swine origin in a dose-dependent manner. The effective inhibitory concentration of Ampicillin was 2.5 uG/mL[1].
Ampicillin is very effective in alleviating the symptoms of hemorrhagic enteritis in a 11-week old pig[1]. Ampicillin produces maximum concentrations in bile twice as high as in serum. The peak concentration of ampicillin after an oral dose is as twice as high in portal blood as in peripheral blood[2]. Ampicillin provides neuroprotection against ischemia-reperfusion brain injury. Ampicillin reduces the activities of MMPs and increases the expression level of GLT-1. Pretreatment with ampicillin significantly reduces medial hippocampal cell death following global forebrain ischemia[3].
[1]. Chopra SL, et al. Effect of Ampicillin on E. Coli of Swine Origin. Can J Comp Med Vet Sci. 1963 Sep;27(9):223-7.
[2]. Lund B, et al. Ampicillin in portal and peripheral blood and bile after oral administration of ampicillin andpivampicillin. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1974;7(2):133-5.
[3]. Lee KE, et al. The neuroprotective mechanism of ampicillin in a mouse model of transient forebrain ischemia. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2016 Mar;20(2):185-92.
氨苄西林是一种广谱β-内酰胺类抗生素，对多种革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌均有抑制作用。
氨苄西林以剂量依赖的方式抑制猪源大肠杆菌的生长.氨苄青霉素的有效抑菌浓度为2.5 uG/mL[1]。
氨苄青霉素对减轻11周龄猪出血性肠炎的症状非常有效[1]。氨苄青霉素在胆汁中产生的最大浓度是血清中的两倍。口服剂量后氨苄青霉素的峰值浓度在门静脉血中是外周血中的两倍[2]。 Ampicillin 提供针对缺血再灌注脑损伤的神经保护作用。 Ampicillin 降低 MMPs 的活性并增加 GLT-1 的表达水平。氨苄西林预处理可显着减少全脑前脑缺血后内侧海马细胞的死亡[3]。
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Animal experiment: |
Mice: Ampicillin is dissolved in normal saline. Male C57BL/6 mice were anesthetized with halothane and subjected to bilateral common carotid artery occlusion for 40 min. Before transient forebrain ischemia, ampicillin (200 mg/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.]) or penicillin G (6,000 U/kg or 20,000 U/kg, i.p.) was administered daily for 5 days. In the control animals, saline was administered at the same volume and time schedule[3]. |
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参考文献: [1]. Chopra SL, et al. Effect of Ampicillin on E. Coli of Swine Origin. Can J Comp Med Vet Sci. 1963 Sep;27(9):223-7. |
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