A triterpene glycoside
Bacopaside II is a triterpene glycoside found in B. monnieri that has neuroprotective, anti-angiogenic, and anticancer activities.1,2,3,4 Bacopaside II (0.4 mg/ml) decreases hydrogen peroxide-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell death in N2a neuroblastoma cells.1 It decreases immobility time in the forced swim and tail suspension tests in mice, indicating anti-depressant like activity, when administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg.2 Bacopaside II decreases migration and tube formation in 2H11 and 3B11 cells, as well as human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) when used at concentrations greater than 15 ?M.3 Bacopaside II inhibits the growth of MDA-MB-231, SHG-44, HCT8, A549, and PC3M cancer cells (IC50s = 32.4, 36.9, 40.3, 44.4, and 45.4 ?M, respectively).4
1.Bhardwaj, P., Jain, C.K., and Mathur, A.Comparative evaluation of four triterpenoid glycoside saponins of bacoside A in alleviating sub-cellular oxidative stress of N2a neuroblastoma cellsJ. Pharm. Pharmacol.70(11)1531-1540(2018) 2.Zhou, Y., Shen, Y.-H., Zhang, C., et al.Triterpene saponins from Bacopa monnieri and their antidepressant effects in two mice modelsJ. Nat. Prod.70(4)652-655(2007) 3.Palethorpe, H.M., Tomita, Y., Smith, E., et al.The aquaporin 1 inhibitor bacopaside II reduces endothelial cell migration and tubulogenesis and induces apoptosisInt. J. Mol. Sci.19(3)E653(2018) 4.Peng, L., Zhou, Y., Kong, D.Y., et al.Antitumor activities of dammarane triterpene saponins from Bacopa monnieraPhytother. Res.24(6)864-868(2010)
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