Background
Fenoxycarb-d3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of fenoxycarb by GC- or LC-MS. Fenoxycarb is a non-neurotoxic carbamate insecticide that acts as an insect growth regulator via juvenile hormone-like activity.1 It inhibits terminal development of first instar and newly transformed second instar nymphs of Florida red scale (C. aonidum) when used at a concentration of 0.0125% AI.2 Fenoxycarb (5 and 10 mg AI/colony) reduces the colony size index of laboratory colonies of red imported fire ants (S. invicta) by 95.9 and 93.6%, respectively, at 8 weeks post-treatment.3 It is toxic to D. magna (LC50 = 0.5 mg a.s./L) and fish, including O. mykiss, L. macrochirus, C. carpio, I. punctatus, and C. variegatus (LC50s = 0.66-1.5 mg a.s./L), but is not toxic to rats (LD50 = >10,000 mg/kg).4 Fenoxycarb is also an antagonist of α4β4-, α4β2-, α3β4-, and α3β2-containing rat nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs; IC50s = 3, 2.4, 1.8, and 7.6 μM, respectively) but not rat brain acetylcholinesterase (AChE; IC50 = >1,000 μM).5
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