Background
(±)-Jasmonic acid-isoleucine (JA-Ile) is a mixture that contains two of the four possible stereoisomers of JA-Ile: (1R,2R)- and (1S,2S)-JA-Ile. JA-Ile is a plant hormone formed by the conjugation of jasmonic acid and the amino acid isoleucine.1 JA-Ile signals through a co-receptor complex composed of the jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) repressor proteins and an E1 ubiquitin ligase complex containing the F-box Coronatine Insensitive 1 (COI1).2,1 Activation of the COI1-JAZ complex directs the degradation of the JAZ protein, resulting in the release of transcription factors bound and inhibited by JAZ.2,1 JA-Ile contributes to several aspects of plant growth and development and levels increase under stress conditions leading to the production of defense compounds and inhibition of growth.2,3,4 The (–)-JA-Ile isomer is more active than the (+)-JA-Ile isomer at inducing gene expression of jasmonate-induced protein of 23 kDa (JIP-23) in barley.5
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