Desloratadine

A histamine H1 receptor antagonist and an active metabolite of loratadine

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Background

Desloratadine(Sch34117) is a potent antagonist for human histamine H1 receptor used to treat allergies.Target: Histamine H1 ReceptorDesloratadine binds to the human H1 receptor with Ki value of 0.87 nM in displacing tritiated mepyramine. Desloratadine (100 nM to 10 μM) inhibits both IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated generation of the cytokines IL-4 and IL-13 by human basophils. Desloratadine (300 nM to 100 μM) inhibits both IgE and non-IgE-mediated histamine release from human peripheral blood basophils. Desloratadine (0.1 μM to 10 μM) is also shown to inhibit platelet-activating factor-induced eosinophil chemotaxis and TNF-α-induced eosinophil adhesion in eosinophils obtained from patients with allergic rhinitis or allergic asthma [1]. Desloratadine (1 μM-10 μM) dose-dependently inhibits the release of histamine and LTC4 from human basophils. Desloratadine (0.1 μM-10 μM) dose-dependently inhibits IL-13 secretion from basophils activated with IL-3 and PMA from human basophils. Desloratadine (10 μM) pretreatment results in a substantial decrease of the induced cytokine message in cultured basophils. Desloratadine (10 μM) pretreatment causes approximately an 80% reduction in the IL-4 message accumulated with anti-IgE activation in cultured basophils. Desloratadine (10 μM) also inhibits the histamine and IL-4 protein secreted into the supernatants of cultured basophils [2]. [3H]Desloratadine binds to the human histamine H1 receptor expressed in CHO cells with Kd of 1.1 nM. Desloratadine is 52, 57, 194, and 153 times more potent than cetirizine, ebastine, fexofenadine, and loratadine, respectively, in competition-binding studies [3].

参考文献:
[1]. Geha, R.S. and E.O. Meltzer, Desloratadine: A new, nonsedating, oral antihistamine. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 2001. 107(4): p. 751-62.
[2]. Schroeder, J.T., et al., Inhibition of cytokine generation and mediator release by human basophils treated with desloratadine. Clin Exp Allergy, 2001. 31(9): p. 1369-77.
[3]. Anthes, J.C., et al., Biochemical characterization of desloratadine, a potent antagonist of the human histamine H(1) receptor. Eur J Pharmacol, 2002. 449(3): p. 229-37.