A sesquiterpene
Artemisinic acid is a sesquiterpene that has been isolated from A. annua. It has been used in the synthesis of the antimalarial agent artemisinin . Artemisinic acid (50-400 µM) decreases triglyceride levels and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) in a dose-dependent manner and inhibits adipocyte differentiation when used at a concentration of 200 µM. It reduces mRNA expression and protein levels of C/EBPα, C/EBPδ, and PPARγ as well as the ratio of phosphorylated JNK to JNK in hAMSCs. Artemisinic acid also decreases C/EBPα and HMG-CoA reductase mRNA expression and inhibits cholesterol synthesis and melanogenesis in human epidermal melanocytes.
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