Gamithromycin (ML-1709460)

An antibiotic

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2mg

￥637.00

510.00

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5mg

￥925.00

740.00

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10mg

￥1612.00

1290.00

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50mg

￥4800.00

3840.00

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100mg

￥7375.00

5900.00

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Background

Gamithromycin is an antibiotic that is active against macrolide-resistant R. equi and S. zooepidemicus (MIC₉₀s = 1 and 0.125 μg/ml, respectively).¹ It reduces the number of pneumonic lesions in a bovine M. haemolytica challenge model at a dose of 6 mg/kg.² Formulations containing gamithromycin have been used to treat bovine respiratory diseases.³

1.Berghaus, L.J., Giguère, S., Sturgill, T.L., et al.Plasma pharmacokinetics, pulmonary distribution, and in vitro activity of gamithromycin in foalsJ. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther.35(1)59-66(2012) 2.Forbes, A.B., Ramage, C., Sales, J., et al.Determination of the duration of antibacterial efficacy following administration of gamithromycin using a bovine Mannheimia haemolytica challenge modelAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.55(2)831-835(2011) 3.Capik, S.F., White, B.J., Lubbers, B.V., et al.Comparison of the diagnostic performance of bacterial culture of nasopharyngeal swab and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples obtained from calves with bovine respiratory diseaseAm. J. Vet. Res.78(3)350-358(2017)

Protocol

Cell experiment:

Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for gamithromycin, tylosin and tilmicosin against MmmSC strains B237 and Tan8 are determined using a macrodilution technique. Equal volumes of MmmSC culture in logarithmic phase are added to each antimicrobial dilution to give an inoculum size of 107 cfu/mL, i.e. the intending initial titre for subsequent time-kill assays, in a volume of 4 mL. Cultures are incubated for 24 h at 37°C. At 0 and 24 h time points, samples are removed and serially diluted 10-fold down to 10-5. Aliquots (10 μL) of each dilution are transferred to solid medium; after incubation at 37°C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% carbon dioxide in air for at least 4 days, colonies are counted from the dilution that yields between 30 and 300 colonies per plate. Counts are converted into cfu/mL and MIC is defined as the lowest concentration of antimicrobial that prevents an increase in cfu/mL over 24 h[1].

Animal experiment:

Foals with ultrasonographic evidence of pulmonary abscesses are randomly assigned in 3 treatment groups: (1)gamithromycin at a dose of 6.0 mg/kg body weight is administered in the semimembranosus/semitendinosus muscles once a week (GAM; n=40); (2) azithromycin at a dose of 10 mg/kg PO once daily in combination with rifampin at a dose of 10 mg/kg PO once daily (AZM-RIF; n=40); and (3) no antimicrobial treatment (controls; n=41). All the foals in each treatment group also receive acetylcysteine at a dose of 10 mg/kg PO a day to provide the same daily manipulation of the foals in each group[2].

参考文献:

[1]. Mitchell JD, et al. In vitro pharmacodynamics of gamithromycin against Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides Small Colony. Vet J. 2013 Sep;197(3):806-11.
[2]. F. Hildebrand, et al. Efficacy of Gamithromycin for the Treatment of Foals with Mild to Moderate Bronchopneumonia. J Vet Intern Med. 2015 Jan-Feb; 29(1): 333–338.