A guanosine analog with diverse biological activities
Crotonoside is a guanosine analog originally isolated from C. tiglium that has diverse biological activities.1,2,3 It is cytotoxic to P338, L5178Y, Sp2/O, HL-60, and Raji cells in vitro (EC50s = 21, 370, 120, 70, and 400 μM, respectively).1 Crotonoside (48 mg/kg per day for 12 days) reduces tumor growth by 60% in S-180 sarcoma and Ehrlich carcinoma solid tumor mouse models. It has been used as an internal standard for the semi-quantitative analysis and comparison of RNA metabolites in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells.4 Crotonoside decreases the force and rate of contraction in isolated guinea pig atria (EC50s = 2.8 and 17.8 μM, respectively) and reduces carotid blood pressure in anesthetized cats when administered intravenously at a dose of 0.5 μmol/kg.2,3
1.Kim, J.H., Lee, S.J., Han, Y.B., et al.Isolation of isoguanosine from Croton tiglium and its antitumor activityArch. Pharm. Res.17(2)115-118(1994) 2.Fuhrman, F.A., and Fuhrman, G.J.Effects of some naturally-occurring purine ribosides on purinergic receptors in cardiac and smooth muscleComp. Biochem. Physiol. C72(2)203-210(1982) 3.Ewing, P.L., Schlenk, F., and Emerson, G.A.Comparison of smooth muscle effects of crotonoside (isoguanosine) and adenosineJ. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.97(3)379-383(1949) 4.Bullinger, D., Neubauer, H., Fehm, T., et al.Metabolic signature of breast cancer cell line MCF-7: Profiling of modified nucleosides via LC-IT MS couplingBMC Biochem.825(2007)
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